Forest Reliance in a Modern Era: Examining the Socioeconomic Conditions of NTFP-Dependent Tribal Communities in Tripura

Abstract

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are crucial for the livelihoods of forest-dwelling communities. This study investigates the socio-economic status of tribal communities in Tripura, India, who depend on NTFPs.  Data was collected from four districts (Dhalai, Gomati, South Tripura, and West Tripura) to analyze factors like age, family structure, education level, land ownership, and livestock possession. The findings reveal that the average age of NTFP collectors is around 42.8 years, with a majority belonging to the older age category. Nuclear families are more prevalent, and the average family size is small. Literacy rates are low, with limited educational attainment. Land ownership is primarily for agriculture, with most communities classified as marginal farmers.  Poultry farming is the most common livestock activity across all districts.  Overall, the study highlights the challenges faced by these communities due to limited education, low income, and marginal land holdings. The research suggests the need for development initiatives focused on education, alternative income generation, and sustainable NTFP management practices.